How Chronic Dry Eyes Affect Your Vision

Chronic dry eye disease is also called dry eye syndrome and often causes painful symptoms and vision changes. Our eye doctors at Wiles Eye Center offer dry eye treatment to improve your quality of life and restore a healthy tear film.

Your eyes require a stable tear film to maintain clear, comfortable vision. Your tears contain three layers: The lipid (oil) layer prevents tears from drying up too quickly and maintains a smooth ocular surface. The aqueous (water) layer keeps your eyes moisturized and nourished, while the mucin (mucous) layer sticks the tear film to the eye’s surface. When these layers are out of balance, you can have dry spots on your eyes that lead to burning, tearing and other cumbersome symptoms. An imbalanced tear film is a common cause of dry eye disease, but decreased tear production can also be a culprit.

Meibomian gland dysfunction is one of the most common reasons for dry eyes and happens when the meibomian glands that line the inside of the eyelids get blocked, preventing oil secretion and causing fast tear evaporation. Regardless of the cause, chronic dry eyes can cause vision impairment, including:

1. Light Sensitivity (Photophobia)

Dry eye disease and migraines are the two most common causes of photophobia. Aggressive treatment with eye drops, ointments, punctal plugs and other options can ease the painful light sensitivity caused by chronic dry eyes. Researchers don’t know why dry eyes cause photophobia, but the theory is that the abnormal tear film causes light to scatter when it enters the cornea. Another idea is that the inflammation related to dry eyes makes the rapid contraction of the pupil painful when you look at bright lights.

2. Blurry Vision

Blurred vision from dry eye disease is made worse by screen use. The light-scattering caused by poor tear film leads to unclear images, but this is often addressed by blinking. However, people with severely dry eyes can develop a corneal ulcer or inflammation of the cornea that causes constant blurry vision despite blinking the eyelids.

3. Difficulty Seeing at Night

The decreased lubrication on the eyes creates glare from streetlamps, headlights and any lighting in a dim area. Seeing at night can be the most difficult because the pupil is dilated in low lighting, and many people have drier eyes after using them all day for computer work. When you look at these lights, pupil contraction can make seeing and driving at night difficult.

Dry Eye Treatment

Chronic dry eyes can be treated with prescription eye drops and artificial tears. Punctal plugs may be used to prevent tear drainage and keep the tear film on the eye’s surface. Our eye doctors also offer intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy to slow tear evaporation and the LipiFlow thermal pulsation system to address meibomian gland dysfunction.

You don’t have to live with painful, uncomfortable dry eyes. Contact Wiles Eye Center to schedule your eye exam and discuss your dry eye treatment options in Kansas City and St. Joseph, Missouri.

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Can Cataracts Cause Balance Problems? 3 Dangerous Consequences of the Eye Disease

Cataracts may be curable with cataract surgery, but they are still a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Many people put off cataract removal until their vision is significantly affected. However, clouded, blurry vision caused by a cataract can impact your quality of life and pose a safety threat. Our ophthalmologists can restore your vision with cataract surgery in Kansas City and St. Joseph and improve your overall eyesight with premium intraocular lens (IOL) implants.

1. Balance Concerns from Poor Vision

A 2019 study found that people with poor vision caused by cataracts experienced mobility and balance issues. These concerns were drastically improved just one month after cataract surgery, enhancing the quality of life and safety profile in a patient pool vulnerable to falls and injury. Cataracts can impact balance in several ways, including dizziness due to visual disturbances, such as double vision. Vision problems make maintaining proper balance difficult and require the eye muscles to work harder, leading to eye strain and headaches.

2. Fall Risks and Cataract Development

Cataracts limit your depth perception, and clouded vision increases the risk of falling around the home or running errands. A 2003 study evaluated fall risk before and after cataract surgery. Researchers suggested that cataract surgery could be a way to reduce the fall risk in elderly patients who have visual impairment from cataracts.

A 2016 study in Ophthalmology and Visual Science found a substantially high rate of falls and subsequent injuries in older adults waiting for cataract surgery, with one in three experiencing a fall. People with a history of falls or who regularly engage in physical activity have a higher fall risk with vision impairment from cataracts, and a delay in cataract surgery increases their likelihood of a tumble and injury.

3. Auto Accidents and Cataracts

It’s often difficult for aging adults to recognize when driving is unsafe, and the slow progression of vision loss caused by cataracts can make this decision even more challenging. A 1999 study evaluated the auto accident risk for drivers over 75 with cataracts and compared it to those without the eye disease. They found that older drivers with cataracts were twice as likely to report driving less often and typically moved slower than the flow of traffic or preferred someone else to drive them to their destination. Drivers with a cataract were 2.5 times more likely to report a history of an at-fault auto accident in the past five years, regardless of their overall health, mental status or age. Cataracts restrict driving and lower road safety.

A 2001 study found that driving difficulties among people with cataracts likely stemmed from decreased contrast in vision. These vision problems increase the risk of an at-fault crash in older drivers with a cataract in one eye or both.

Contact Wiles Eye Center About Cataract Surgery

Fortunately, cataract surgery has a 98 percent success rate, and premium IOLs can improve refractive errors, reducing your dependence on glasses or contact lenses.

If you’re experiencing vision changes or have been diagnosed with a cataract, contact Wiles Eye Center in Kansas City and St. Joseph, Missouri, to schedule your eye exam and discuss cataract surgery.

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